Importance: After decades of decline, the US cardiovascular disease mortality rate flattened after , and racial and ethnic differences in cardiovascular disease mortality persisted. Objective: To examine year trends in cardiovascular risk factors in the US population by race and ethnicity and by socioeconomic status. Design, setting, and participants: A total of 50 participants aged 20 years or older from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, a series of cross-sectional surveys in nationally representative samples of the US population, were included.
Exposures: Calendar year, race and ethnicity, education, and family income. Main outcomes and measures: Age- and sex-adjusted means or proportions of cardiovascular risk factors and estimated year risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease were calculated for each of 10 two-year cycles.
Results: The mean age of participants ranged from From to , age- and sex-adjusted mean body mass index increased from Mean serum total cholesterol decreased from Mean systolic blood pressure decreased from Age- and sex-adjusted year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk decreased from 7.
Individuals with college or higher education or high family income had consistently lower levels of cardiovascular risk factors. The mean age- and sex-adjusted year risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease was significantly higher in non-Hispanic Black participants compared with non-Hispanic White participants difference, 1.
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This difference was attenuated Conclusions and relevance: In this serial cross-sectional survey study that estimated US trends in cardiovascular risk factors from through , differences in cardiovascular risk factors persisted between Black and White participants; the difference may have been moderated by social determinants of health. Abstract Importance: After decades of decline, the US cardiovascular disease mortality rate flattened after , and racial and ethnic differences in cardiovascular disease mortality persisted.
