The institution of slavery existed in West Central Africa before the arrival of Europeans as a form of labor exploitation.
While in local states political elites targeted outsiders and criminals as potential captives, slavery in the colonial settlements of Luanda and Benguela was similar to bondage in other Atlantic ports such as Rio de Janeiro, Havana, or Cartagena, and even in other colonial towns on the African coast including Cape Town and Lagos.
Captives of war or people born into bondage performed most of the domestic and public labor. Their productive and reproductive capacities were appropriated for the benefit of their owners. Slaves could be bought and sold, were considered property, and did not enjoy rights, including to their own sexuality. Slavery remained an important element of colonial societies in Luanda and Benguela until it was officially abolished in , and new forms of compulsory labor were introduced. You do not currently have access to this article.
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