An aortic dissection is a serious condition in which a tear occurs in the inner layer of the body's main artery aorta. Blood rushes through the tear, causing the inner and middle layers of the aorta to split dissect.
If the blood goes through the outside aortic wall, aortic dissection is often deadly. A thoracic aortic aneurysm occurs when a weak spot in the wall of the aorta begins to bulge, as shown on the left image. Having an aneurysm increases the risk of rupture or a tear in the aorta's lining dissection , as shown in the image on the right.
Aortic dissection is relatively uncommon. It usually occurs in men in their 60s and 70s. Symptoms of aortic dissection may mimic those of other diseases, often leading to delays in diagnosis. However, when an aortic dissection is detected early and treated promptly, the chance of survival greatly improves.
Aortic dissection symptoms may be similar to those of other heart problems, such as a heart attack. Typical signs and symptoms include:. If you have severe chest pain, fainting, sudden shortness of breath or symptoms of a stroke, call or your local emergency number. These signs and symptoms aren't always due to a serious problem, but it's best to be seen by a doctor quickly.
Early detection and treatment may help save your life. Aortic dissections are divided into two groups, depending on which part of the aorta is affected:. Inflammation of the arteries giant cell arteritis may also increase your risk of aortic dissection.
