On 10 September , it assumed its current name, the French Air and Space Force, to reflect an "evolution of its mission" into the area of outer space. The number of aircraft in service with the French Air and Space Force varies depending on the source; the Ministry of Armed Forces gives a figure of aircraft in The following year, another Wright biplane, a Bleriot , and two Farmans were added to the lone acquisition.
In March , the French parliament enacted legislation to establish the air arm. It was projected to consist of three distinct branches based on aircraft missionsβreconnaissance, bombing, or countering other aircraft. France was one of the first states to start building aircraft. By 8 October, expansion to 65 squadrons was being planned. By December, the plans called for 70 new squadrons. Meanwhile, even as procurement efforts scaled up, inventive airmen were trying to use various light weapons against opposing airplanes.
Roland Garros invented a crude method of firing a machine gun through the propeller arc by cladding his propeller with metal wedges deflecting any errant bullets. After destroying three German airplanes, Garros came down behind enemy lines on 18 April His secret weapon was thus exposed, and Anthony Fokker came up with the synchronization gear that by July 1, , turned airplanes into flying gun platforms.
On 21 February , the Verdun Offensive began. New weapons demanded new tactics. Commandant Charles de Tricornet de Rose was the original French pilot, having learned to fly in March This experienced flier was given a free hand to select pilots and airplanes for a new unit tasked with keeping German observation craft from over the French lines. The ad hoc unit commandeered all available Morane-Saulniers and Nieuport 11s , as well as the 15 best pilots regardless of posting.
This ad hoc unit patrolling the skies over Verdun was the first French Groupement de Chasse. The Groupement was successful despite Tricornet's death in a mishap. Encouraged by the success of their original Groupement , the French massed several squadrons for the Battle of the Somme. Three other squadrons-- Squadron N. On 19 October , three fixed Groupes de Combat were established, each to consist of four squadron. Numbered 11 , 12 , and 13 , they were only the first three Groupements.
