Official websites use. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. Dark tourists experience negative and positive feelings in Holocaust places, suggesting emotional ambivalence. The purpose of this study is threefold: to provide an updated systematic literature review SLR of dark tourism associated with Holocaust sites and visitors' well-being; to structure the findings into categories that provide a comprehensive overview of the topics; and to identify which topics are not well covered, thus suggesting knowledge gaps.
Records to be included should be retrievable articles in peer-reviewed academic journals, books, and book chapters, all focused on the SLR's aims and the research question; other types of publications were outrightly excluded. During the process, documents were included, of which were journal articles, 8 were books, and 10 were book chapters. The results point out a hierarchical structure with the main category Dark tourism - Holocaust - Well-being and three second-order categories Dark tourism - Holocaust, Dark tourism - Well-being, and Holocaust - Well-being , from which different subcategories emerge: motivations for visiting places and guiding; ambivalent emotional experience that leads to the transformation of the self; and intergenerational trauma.
The gaps identified were the trivialization of horror in Holocaust places; dark tourist profile; motivations and constraints behind visiting dark places; Holocaust survivors and their descendants' well-being; how dark tourism associated with the Holocaust positively or negatively impacts well-being. Major limitations included: lack of randomized allocation; lack of standard outcome definitions; and suboptimal comparison groups.
Positive and negative impacts on the well-being of the Holocaust dark tourist were sought, as they are associated with the marketing and management, promotion, digital communication, guiding, or storytelling design of such locations. For a long time, places that have been the scene of wars, disasters, deaths, and atrocities have always fascinated people, motivating them to travel [ 1 , 2 ], giving rise to a type of tourism that has been addressed in different ways, namely, as negative sightseeing [ 3 ], black spots tourism [ 4 ], thanatourism [ 5 ], tragic tourism [ 6 ], atrocity tourism [ 7 , 8 ], morbid tourism [ 9 ], and dark tourism [ 10 ].
Dark tourism involves traveling to sites related to death, suffering and the macabre, a generally accepted definition [ 1 ], and disgrace [ 14 , 15 ]. Stone's conception of dark tourism goes beyond its related attractions [ 14 ]. From his perspective, various well-visited tourist sites may become places of dark tourism due to their history associated with death — e. Ashworth and Isaac [ 18 ] also suggest that a tourist site has a higher or lower potential to be perceived as dark, evoking different experiences in different visitors e.
