The United States presidential state car nicknamed "The Beast", [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] "Cadillac One", [ 4 ] [ 5 ] "First Car"; [ 6 ] code named "Stagecoach" [ 7 ] [ 8 ] is the official state car of the president of the United States. United States presidents embraced automotive technology in the early 20th century with President William Howard Taft 's purchase of four cars and the conversion of the White House stables into a garage.
Presidents rode in stock, unmodified cars until President Franklin D. Roosevelt 's administration bought the Sunshine Special , the first presidential state car to be built to United States Secret Service standards.
Until the assassination of John F. Kennedy , presidential state cars frequently allowed the president to ride uncovered and exposed to the public.
President Kennedy's assassination began a progression of increasingly armored and sealed cars; the — state car had five-inch mm bulletproof glass and was hermetically sealed with its own environmental system. The current model of presidential state car is a unique Cadillac that debuted in September Decommissioned presidential state cars are destroyed by the Secret Service for training and to protect their secrets.
Late 20th-century and 21st-century presidential motorcades have consisted of 24—45 vehicles other than the presidential state car, including those for security, healthcare, the press, and route-clearing, among others.
