Official websites use. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. The sharp rise in incidence of HPV-OSCC in the USA has been attributed to changes in sexual norms over the past five decades, with lower age at sexual debut and higher numbers of sexual partners per individual.
In addition, variations in HPV-OSCC prevalence by race, age cohort and gender may be attributable to differences in oral sexual behaviors among these groups.
Risk factors for oral HPV incidence, prevalence, clearance and persistence are crucial to understanding how, and in whom, oral HPV infection progresses to malignancy.
Future investigation should focus on elucidating the natural history of oral HPV infection persistence and malignant transformation, developing effective screening tools and exploring opportunities for prevention such as vaccination and public health education.
Keywords: head and neck neoplasms, health education, human papillomavirus, human papillomavirus vaccines, oral sex, oropharyngeal neoplasms, sexual behavior, sexually transmitted diseases. Although the incidence of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma HNSCC overall in the USA has decreased concomitantly with declining tobacco smoking rates [ 7 , 8 ], OSCC incidence has significantly increased in recent years.
