Larger curves cause discomfort while smaller curves usually do not cause any problems. In most cases, the exact cause remains unknown. However, adult scoliosis can develop as a result of:. Scoliosis can lead to physical deformities such as humpback, prominence of the ribs, uneven shoulders, tilting of the trunk to one side and head, not in the center position. It also causes altered gait, spinal instability and rigidity. Pain is the predominant symptom in patients suffering from scoliosis.
A compression of the spinal nerve root can result in lower limb weakness along with numbness or tingling sensation. This may hamper coordination and balance with difficulty in movement, standing or sitting. Occasionally, compression of the lower spinal nerves can also lead to difficulty in urination and defecation.
This requires immediate medical care. In severe cases, lung and heart cardiopulmonary function can be affected. Diagnostic imaging techniques such as X-rays, CT scans, MRI scans and myelography, may also be used to improve the accuracy of diagnosis.
Most patients with adult scoliosis do not require surgery. Non-surgical treatment includes analgesics and anti-inflammatory medications, braces, spinal injections, and physical therapy. Simple lifestyle modifications such as improved nutrition, smoking cessation and regular exercise may also help in the management of scoliosis. Surgery is recommended for patients who fail to respond to non-surgical treatment or the curvature progresses and becomes greater than degrees, or cardiopulmonary complications occur.
The surgery repairs the abnormal curvature of the spine and stops the curve from getting worse. The surgery utilizes rods, bars, wires, screws, and other types of medically designed hardware to straighten the spine.
